Abstract
Simulation-based assessment is performed here by utilizing single-phase model (S-PM) and the two-phase mixture model (T-PMM). The models are used to investigate the heat transfer performance of TiO2/water nanofluids inside a circular tube with diameter of 1.09 mm and length of 306 mm. To evaluate the effect of inlet Reynolds number and nano-particle concentration, Reynolds numbers are varied from 600 to 2100 while the nano-particle concentration are set to be 1.0, 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0 vol.%. Higher friction factor (f) and convective heat transfer coefficient (h) was observed for titania-based nanofluids as compared to those of the base fluid (water). Heat transfer performance of the nanofluid increases as the nanoparticle concentration is increased. Likewise, the augmentation in pressure drop increases with the increase of nano-particle concentration. The highest enhancement in Nusselt number of 14.81% was observed for nanoparticles with concentration of 5 vol.% at the Reynolds number of about 1500.
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