Simulation Training in Surgical Education

Abstract

Our review aims to describe the use of simulation-based training throughout the continuum of surgical education. In addition to well-known procedural-based surgical simulation modalities like the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery and Fundamentals of Endoscopic Surgery, there are several novel uses of simulation including its use for preparing medical students for surgical residency, resident interviews and onboarding, residency training, mental skills training, and continuing education for practicing surgeons. Simulation is a cost effective and useful method to improve trainee exposure and confidence to execute technical and nontechnical skills throughout the surgical career. There is clearly a role for simulation-based training with medical students, residents, and practicing surgeons to optimize performance through deliberate practice of skills in a safe environment. Due to the evolution of surgical techniques and an increased emphasis for proficiency-based training and certification of skills, simulation will play an increasingly integral role in surgical education.