Abstract
Interaction of hadrons with electron beam in a modulator is an important part of coherent electron cooling (CeC), a novel cooling method for hadron beams. Being an untested technique, the CeC is undergoing a proof-of-principle test at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). Simulation of this process for a realistic electron beam propagating through a realistic quadrupole beamline constitutes a very challenging problem. We successfully used the code space for these simulations and obtained accurate dependences of the modulation process on the position and velocity of ions. We obtained good numerical convergence of simulations and performed verification tests using theoretical predications available for a uniform infinite plasma with $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{-}2$ velocity distribution. In this paper, we describe simulation methods and results, and report our findings for the CeC modulator in the BNL experiment.
Highlights
Cooling of high-energy hadron beams is among major challenges in modern accelerator physics
Coherent electron cooling (CeC) consists of three main components: a modulator, where each ion imprints a density wake on the electron distribution, a free electron laser (FEL) as an amplifier, where the density wakes are amplified, and a kicker, where the amplified wakes interacts with ions, resulting in dynamical friction for the ion that leads to cooling of ion beams
In advanced coherent electron cooling (ACeC) [4,5], the free electron laser is replaced by a three-pole wiggler
Summary
Cooling of high-energy hadron beams is among major challenges in modern accelerator physics. CeC consists of three main components: a modulator, where each ion imprints a density wake on the electron distribution, a free electron laser (FEL) as an amplifier, where the density wakes are amplified, and a kicker, where the amplified wakes interacts with ions, resulting in dynamical friction for the ion that leads to cooling of ion beams. We simulate the perturbation in the electron beam density via highly resolved simulations and follow a different approach to extract the modulation signal from the shot noise. We take difference in final electron distributions of the two simulations to obtain the influence of the ion. The code has been recently used for the study of plasma dynamics in a dense gas filled rf cavities [12], designed for ionization cooling experiments, simulation of laser-induced wakefields in plasma, and processes in a particle beam-induced plasma relevant to the mitigation of beam-beam effects [13]
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