Abstract
Irrigation management is a key factor in attaining optimal yields, as different irrigation strategies lead to different yields even when using the same amount of water or under the same weather conditions. Our research aimed to simulate the water-use efficiency (WUE) of crops considering different irrigation strategies in the Central Valley of Chile. By means of AquaCrop-OS, we simulated expected yields for combinations of crops (maize, sugar beet, wheat), soil (clay loam, loam, silty clay loam, and silty loam), and bulk density. Thus, we tested four watering strategies: rainfed, soil moisture-based irrigation, irrigation with a fixed interval every 1, 3, 5, and 7 days, and an algorithm for optimal irrigation scheduling under water supply constraints (GET-OPTIS). The results showed that an efficient irrigation strategy must account for soil and crop characteristics. Among the tested strategies, GET-OPTIS led to the best performance for crop yield, water use, water-use efficiency, and profit, followed by the soil moisture-based strategy. Thus, soil type has an important influence on the yield and performance of different irrigation strategies, as it provides a significant storage and buffer for plants, making it possible to produce “more crop per drop”. This work can serve as a methodological guide for simulating the water-use efficiency of crops and can be used alongside evidence from the field.
Highlights
Irrigation and irrigation management are the main factors that affect crop yields and water use by making crop development independent from rainfall
Once Water Yield Functions (WYF) were built, we found the irrigation strategies with the greatest crop yield and the lowest water use
These figures are presented in the form of scatter plots, in which each color represents an irrigation strategy: rainfed (RF), soil moisture-based (SMB), fixed interval (FI) every 1, 3, 5, and 7 days, and the optimal irrigation schedule (GET-OPTIS: G-O)
Summary
Irrigation and irrigation management are the main factors that affect crop yields and water use by making crop development independent from rainfall. Poor irrigation management can lead to several in-farm and off-farm impacts, such as waterlogging, changes in river flows, erosion and nonpoint pollution [1]. Improving irrigation management increases water-use efficiency (WUE), i.e., the ratio of applied water to crop yield, by decreasing the amount of water necessary to achieve a given production or increasing yields. Water 2020, 12, 2930 us to decrease the amount of water used in attaining expected yields [3]. The success of irrigation largely relies on proper management and the appropriate selection of irrigation strategies
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