Abstract
A water evaluation and planning model (WEAP) for Xiamen City was used to analyze trends in water use and demand between 2015 and 2050. This study was unique in that it considered the water resources of each of the city’s five districts’ separately, rather than the city as a whole. The water saving potential, water shortages, and water supply alternatives were analyzed under different simulated scenarios. The results show that future water consumption will greatly increase in Xiamen City, and that there will be a water shortage after 2030 without new water supplies. Water shortages will first occur in the Tongan and Xiangan districts, due to established water supply priorities and capacity. Industry restructuring (structural water-saving scenario, SWS) and advanced water-saving technology (technical water-saving scenario, TWS) can result in water saving potentials of 6.97% and 9.82% by 2050, respectively, while adopting both strategies (double water-saving scenario, DWS) can save 16.44%. The prevention of future water shortages requires the implementation of water-saving measures and the use of new water supplies.
Highlights
Four billion people face severe water shortages across the globe [1]
The results provide valuable information for Xiamen City’s future water planning and policy-making
When the water resource supplies are insufficient, and there are multiple demand points, the supply is prioritized to ensure that the demand point is met because it is of greater importance and higher priority
Summary
Four billion people face severe water shortages across the globe [1]. Increasing water demands coupled with water shortages have been identified as society’s greatest risk [2]. Water resource management models are effective tools for addressing water shortages This is because water supply and demand simulations can support decision processes for regional water resource planning. Yates et al used WEAP to simulate water supply changes in California’s Sacramento River Basin and showed that this model is useful for several California water planning processes [14]. The analysis of the influence of different management scenarios on water consumption in the Tianjin Binhai New Area is an example of the use of WEAP on the city-level scale to justify the rational allocation of water resources, ensuring attention to ecological environmental concerns and the optimization of the city’s economic structure [21]. The results provide valuable information for Xiamen City’s future water planning and policy-making This analysis may provide some general insights into urban-level water saving and supplies for other cities
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