Abstract
In this paper the influence of surge tanks on transient flow generated by changing turbine gate opening has been numerically studied. For this purpose, the governing equations of transient flow are solved using the method of characteristics and considering unsteady friction. The surge tank and the hydraulic turbine are considered as internal boundary conditions. Comparison of transient results for pressure oscillations with the available experimental data shows good agreement. The surge tanks lower down the pressure levels at the upstream side of turbine and stabilize the pressure at the downstream side. Also, surge tanks delay the time occurrence of the maximum and minimum pressure. Finally, the effect of wicket gate closing followed by wicket gate opening on the so called speed no load operation (SNLO) on the transient flow is investigated and transient conditions improved by this sequence are found.
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