Simulation of the initial polarization curves and hysteresis loops for ferroelectric films by an extensive time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau model

Abstract

The polarization hysteresis loops as well as the initial curves of ferroelectric films with 180° domain boundaries perpendicular to the film surface are simulated based on an extensive time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau model. The result shows that the curve and loop strongly depend on the frequency ω of the applied electric field, the effective mass density ρ, and the viscosity coefficient K of the material, however, the constant ωK/ρ can induce the same curve and loop. The hysteresis area of the saturated loop is increased with field amplitude, which is consistent with the previous experimental observation. In addition, it is found that the latent domains in the film can result in a remarkable decrease in the remanent polarization and coercive field.