Abstract
A three-dimensional continuum model of the generation of aggregates of spherical particles is developed that allows us to reproduce natural conditions of structure formation in real disperse systems with an arbitrary viscosity of a dispersion medium. The exchange between translational and rotational degrees of freedom for aggregates, subaggregates, and single particles at an arbitrary interparticle interaction potential, as well as at the preset functions of the distribution over particle sizes and thicknesses of the adsorption layer, is taken into account in the model. The interaction potential of the particles includes electrostatic (among them, screened), elastic, and van der Waals interactions and allows for the effect of external electric, magnetic, and gravitational fields. Structural and statistical characteristics of aggregates formed at different stages of particle coagulation are studied, and the quasi-ordering of single subaggregates in the elastic adsorption layer of particles is revealed. The model can be applied to the study of optical absorption by large aggregates of nanoparticles with natural structure and the kinetics of sol aggregation as functions of the properties of the adsorption layer of particles and the action of external physical factors.
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