Abstract
An alluvial river system is a dynamic system that can alter the hydraulic flow and sediment load. Sediment modelling can enhance our understanding of river morphology. This model has also proved to be a useful tool to overcome problems concerning sediment transport and sedimentation and to provide effective mitigation measures. This article discussed the concept of sediment modelling. The sediment transport simulation method used sediment river hydraulic – two dimension (SRH-2D), which is a hydraulic model for river systems developed by United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). The SRH-2D results showed that the Krueng Baro River underwent many sedimentations, and the increase in the height of the layers was observed during the simulation period. It examined the main categories of sediment transport models and presented the boundaries. Besides, this study also considered the constraints on the operation of Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (Indonesian regional water utility company) (PDAM) and irrigation intakes because of the sedimentation in the Krueng Baro River flow, taking into account the structure of the Keumala weir. Specifically, this study thoroughly discussed the position and altitude of river aggradation and degradation to minimise conflict of interest between the PDAM and irrigation water supply because of sedimentation.
Highlights
Natural and human factors have an impact on rivers
The results of the study indicate that the SRH-2D model has been successfully applied to the Krueng Baro River
The SRH-2D results showed that the Krueng Baro River underwent many sedimentations, and the increase in the height of the layers was observed during the simulation period
Summary
Natural and human factors have an impact on rivers. Rivers undergo dramatic changes in the long term, leading to geomorphological changes. The influencing factors include severe erosion on bed or banks, sectional movements and sedimentation (Haghiabi & Zaredehdasht 2012). All rivers generally contain sediment loads, depending on the nature of the watershed, including the topography, land cover, land use and soil type. Flow energy is an essential factor influencing the concentration of sediment loads in rivers. The sediment loads in the river increase in rainy season because of the increased flow rate. Rainfall raises sediment transport through watershed run-off, especially at the onset of the rainy season (Mohammad et al 2016). Problems related to river use are unavoidable, especially aggradation and degradation. Aggradation reduces the water reservoir in the river leading to floods, whilst degradation causes damage to river structures because of the riverbed decline. Analysis of river sediment transport is paramount to optimise the river handling (Rafsanjani 2017)
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