Abstract
Significant reduction in fuel consumption and NOx emissions can be achieved just by changing the driving along the road. In this paper, dynamic programming is employed to find two different driving profiles optimized for fuel consumption and NOx creation minimization in a diesel vehicle. Results, show that the fuel reduction driving cycle leads to fuel savings of 4% compared with the average consumption with arbitrary driving. The NOx reduction driving profile improves the emissions of arbitrary driving by a 34.5%. NOx oriented driving profile improves the emissions of the fuel-oriented cycle by a 38% at the expense of a fuel consumption penalty of 10%. This result points out the difficulty of a simultaneous NOx and fuel consumption reduction, stressing the efforts to be done in this field during the following years. Strategies followed and conclusions drawn from this paper are relevant concerning vehicle autonomy integration.
Highlights
The increasing number of vehicles on the road represents a large part of the global energy consumption
The current tendency in new developments of internal combustion engines is to make engines more adiabatic [5], increasing the indicated work and the exhaust flow enthalpy, which can be later recovered via thermoelectric generators [6,7,8] or Organic Rankine Cycles [9,10]
The potential of driving profile optimization drops to 10% in the case of hybrid electric vehicles in realistic driving conditions
Summary
The increasing number of vehicles on the road represents a large part of the global energy consumption. To avoid the shortcomings of cycles with a vehicle test bench under a climatic chamber [1,2], such as the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle), there are new homologation cycles, such as the RDE (Real Driving Emissions) cycle. These cycles highlight the effects of real urban, extra urban and rural driving in terms of pollutant emissions for light-duty [3] or heavy-duty vehicles [4]. The acceleration percentage rate and speed oscillations characterize the driving style [13]
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