Abstract
Incorporation of multiple enzymes on electrode surfaces can enhance the fuel efficiency of biofuel cell anodes, by sequentially catalyzing intermediate reactions such that fuel is completely oxidized. A quantitative study of multiple enzyme systems immobilized on porous electrodes is presented, considering immobilization of all enzymes uniformly codispersed in the same phase, as well as dispersion of individual enzymes in separate phases. Multiple phases maintain nonuniform pH conditions to enable optimum activity of each enzyme, while offering exposure to a common to the anode surface where the cofactor acting as a mediator may undergo oxidation. Comparisons have been made with the performance of electrodes with all the enzymes in a single electrode phase, identifying kinetic and transport conditions under which multi-phase immobilization shows improvement over single phase systems. The models are applicable to more electron rich enzyme reaction systems.
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