Abstract
New types of power system transients with lower time constants are emerging due to the replacement of synchronous generation with converter interfaced generation and are challenging the modeling approaches conventionally applied in power system simulation. Quasi-stationary simulations are based on classical phasor models, whereas EMT simulations calculate the instantaneous values of models in the time domain. In addition to these conventional modeling approaches, this paper investigates simulation based on dynamic phasor models, as has been proposed by the Shifted Frequency Analysis. The simulation accuracy of the three modeling approaches was analyzed for characteristic transients from the electromagnetic to the electromechanical phenomena range, including converter control as well as low inertia transients. The analysis was carried out for systems with converter interfaced and synchronous generation whilst considering the simulation step size as a crucial influence parameter. The results show that simulations based on dynamic phasors allow for larger step sizes than simulations that calculate the instantaneous values in the time domain. This can facilitate the simulation of more complex component models and larger grid sizes. In addition, with dynamic phasors, more accurate simulation results were obtained than with classical phasors, in particular—but not exclusively—in a low inertia case. Overall, the presented work demonstrates that dynamic phasors can enable fast and accurate simulations during the transition to low inertia power systems.
Highlights
The ongoing energy transition involves the migration from conventional power plants to renewable energy resources
This paper presented an accuracy analysis of simulations based on classical phasor, dynamic phasor and time domain models
The modeling approaches were compared in the presence of characteristic transients from the electromagnetic to the electromechanical range, including converter control and low inertia transients
Summary
The ongoing energy transition involves the migration from conventional power plants to renewable energy resources. Due to the larger time constants, the numerical calculation of electromechanical phenomena is commonly based on classical phasor models In contrast to the calculation of instantaneous values in the time domain, as done in EMT simulations, SFA calculates one or more dynamic phasors to represent the transients without including their predominant carrier frequencies This is achieved by the shift of the original frequency spectrum and enables the choice of larger simulation step sizes to improve the computational speed [3]. This facilitates the solution of more complex component models and larger grid sizes With such potential applications, this work investigated the capability of dynamic phasors applied in SFA to represent the characteristic transients emerging in modern power systems.
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