Abstract
SUMMARY A two-fluid model of gas‐solid particle flows that is valid for a wide range of the solid-phase volume concentration (dilute to dense) is presented. The governing equations of the fluid phase are obtained by volume averaging the Navier‐Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid. The solid-phase macroscopic equations are derived using an approach that is based on the kinetic theory of dense gases. This approach accounts for particle‐particle collisions. The model is implemented in a control-volume finite element method for simulations of the flows of interest in two-dimensional, planar or axisymmetric, domains. The chosen mathematical model and the proposed numerical method are applied to three test problems and one demonstration problem. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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