Simulation of Frontal Barrier Offset Impacts and Comparison of Intrusions and Decelerations

Abstract

This study examines various test conditions analytically. Detailed finite element models were developed. The models provided insight into energy management mechanism, load transfer and vehicle deformation patterns due to offset impacts on to perpendicular and angular barriers. Several potential offset conditions were simulated using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) models. These were: (1) 50% offset perpendicular rigid barrier impact; (2) 40% offset perpendicular rigid barrier impact; (3) 40 and 50% offset perpendicular deformable barrier impact; and (4) 30 degree angular impact with and without an anti-skid device on the rigid barrier. Dash and toe board intrusions, and vehicle deceleration pulses, were compared to identify the key considerations. Deformation patterns in the engine compartment and in body side structures were also examined. Model predictions were validated against prototype test data. Details of the New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP) and offset impacts, comparison of model results for various impact conditions, and the correlations with test data are presented. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875833.