Simulation of Flood Control Water Reservoir in Conditions of Torrential Rains on the Catchment

Abstract

Every water reservoir must be ready to the control of catastrophic flood. The most dangerous situations can be on the catchments where torrential rains can have significant duration and intensity. Lead time of runoff forecast for dangerous flood depended on increase of rainfall intensity and time concentration maximum water discharge on the catchment. Some water reservoirs have enough significant catchments and sometimes the time concentration is more 5 days. Then we are obtaining possibility to use data of meteorological stations how predictors of floods. For example, catchment of Krasnodar water reservoir has large catchment and is located on the North Caucasus territory. Its climate is characterized by not-periodical storm rainfalls (sometimes after long drought). Consequently the main aim of the research was development of rules for water reservoir operation during floods in dependent on data of meteorological stations about precipitation. The main problems were next: clarification of time concentration maximum water discharge on the catchment; the choice of meteorological stations how predictors of floods; development of rules for water reservoir operation during floods; the checking of rules for water reservoir operation during floods relative to different combinations of maximum flood discharges and previous data of meteorological stations about precipitation.It should be noted that data of locator stations are not used for forecasts of precipitation and runoff on the today moment of research because their network is not dense enough and there are frequent situations when clouds give only dry thunder without rain.