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Abstract
Simulation of fire spread between residential buildings regarding safe separation distance
Highlights
The fire spreading from a burning residential building to adjacent buildings can occur in a number of different ways such as flame contact, flying brands emitted from a building on fire etc
In case of fires with a relatively low fire load various codes suggest that the value of the expected emitted radiation levels from burning residential buildings should be 84 kW/m2
Flammable materials are more complex and contain more energy and, it was essential to investigate the levels of radiation and temperatures that can be expected in residential building fire
Summary
The fire spreading from a burning residential building to adjacent buildings can occur in a number of different ways such as flame contact, flying brands emitted from a building on fire etc. In most cases, the fire from a burning building spreads out through the exterior openings and continues to spread to the adjacent buildings, due to flame radiation. Fire spread via openings depends on the separation distance between the buildings, their orientation to each other, the fact whether the windows in the adjacent building are closed as well as on the percentage of openings in both the building on fire and the exposed building. The heat transfer by radiation from a burning building to a receiving surface of an adjacent building depends on several factors such as projections of flames from the openings, the emissivity of the flame and the configuration factor, as well as the distance between the buildings. Radiative heat flux at the exposed facade of an adjacent building is very important parameter as well
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