Abstract
ABSTRACT Droplet evaporation has great scientific significance in industrial and agricultural production as well as natural meteorological processes. Among many factors that affect evaporation, wettability and wall temperature are among the most important. The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) was used to explore the effects of evaporative wall wettability and wall temperature on the Constant Contact Angle (CCA) model. We constructed a dual-distribution gas–liquid phase transition model and found that the higher the wall temperature, the more rapid the evaporation; however, nucleate boiling was more likely to occur at high temperatures, making the CCA (and thus evaporation) unstable. Compared to hydrophobic surfaces, hydrophilic surfaces have larger droplet spreading area, and generally higher evaporation rate; as the contact diameter decreased, droplet diffusion occurred and evaporation to dryness was observed. Droplets on hydrophobic surfaces tended to form nucleus of boiling, thus generating bubble and gas films. After the droplets shrunk and stabilized, the contact diameter reduced and evaporation slowed. Droplet evaporation can be regulated to improve energy efficiency depending on different applications.
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