Abstract
Much research has been devoted to bee overwintering because it is the most dangerous period of the bee family’s life. The critical period for bees is the end of winter and the beginning of spring. During this time, there are large fluctuations in air temperature, and bees are forced to change their state from passive to active. By the end of winter, the club rises to the top of the hive, and the honey supply decreases significantly. Thus, this article considers a model that takes these changes into account. According to the results of the simulation, it was found that the movement of the bee club and the decrease of honey reserves in winter increase the fluctuations of the air temperature inside the hive. This affects the internal temperature regime of the bee club. At the same time, the stock of heat energy in the honey decreases and smoothes temperature fluctuations within the bee aggregation less. It is proposed to add a hive weight strain gauge to the previously developed electric bee heating control circuit, which will allow to correct the PWM output voltage coming to the heaters.
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