Simulation de la réanimation en salle de naissance : pratique et développements

Abstract

Neonatal resuscitation is one of the most cost-effective medical interventions, most often an emergency procedure involving a multidisciplinary team in the delivery room: doctors, nurses, midwives, obstetricians, anesthetists and other theatre staff. The success of resuscitation depends not only on individual competence but also on efficient teamwork between healthcare professionals in the delivery room; failure often results from the weakest link. Initiation of basic resuscitation procedures must be rapid and effective. Simple procedures must therefore be known by a large number of healthcare professionals, in fact all those potentially present at a delivery. Many complex neonatal diseases on the other hand are too infrequent for all to acquire sufficient personal experience. In addition, synchronization between the interventions of the different members in a perinatal team is complex. It is therefore necessary to train both individuals and teams to better manage perinatal crisis situations. The educational approach should remain multimodal, combining teaching of technical and non-techniques skills. Simulation of resuscitation scenarios can mimic emergency situations without any risk to the patient. It can be used for teaching and/or evaluation of the effectiveness of procedures and collaboration between actors. For maximum performance in complex pathologies, multidisciplinary teaching sessions are necessary. Simulation techniques adapted to neonatal resuscitation in the delivery room appear of great educational interest and proof of their efficiency gradually appears in literature.