Simulation-based modeling of urban waterlogging in Khulna City

Showmitra Kumar Sarkar,Md Esraz-Ul-Zannat,Md Feroz Islam,Md Atikur Rahman

doi:10.2166/wcc.2020.256

Abstract

Abstract Khulna City is extremely vulnerable to the effects of climate change. The city experiences frequent waterlogging during extreme rainfall events. This research prepared a drainage simulation model considering climate change issues for investigating the extent of waterlogging in the city. Watershed and precipitation were analyzed to examine the existing scenario of the study area. Finally, a Mike Urban-based hydrological simulation model was formulated to investigate the severity of waterlogging. As found by precipitation analysis, 180 mm, 346 mm, and 396 mm rainfall might occur for the 5-year, 50-year, and 100-year return period, respectively. This research identified that volume of overland flow might be affected by climate change-induced rainfall. According to the simulation, 62.52% of the study area was waterlogged with different inundation depths. It was found that traffic movements were severely disrupted and structures were hampered due to waterlogging. 45% paved, 77% brick soling, and 65% unpaved roads were inundated by different inundation levels. On the other hand, 61.1% of structures of the study area were affected by waterlogging. The findings of the research might help the concerned authority in decision-making, especially for the drainage and water-related issues, to solve the waterlogging.

Highlights

Bangladesh (BD) is considered the world’s most climate vulnerable country due to its setting as a vast low-lying land (Karim & Mimura ; The Asian Development Bank ; The World Bank ; USAID )
This work analyzed the different physical components of the study area associated with climate change and waterlogging
According to the precipitation analysis, 396 mm, 346 mm, and 180 mm rainfall might occur for return periods of 100 years, 50 years, and 5 years, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Bangladesh (BD) is considered the world’s most climate vulnerable country due to its setting as a vast low-lying land (Karim & Mimura ; The Asian Development Bank ; The World Bank ; USAID ). The adverse impacts of climate change are expected to be severe in BD and may lead to substantial economic loss (Mirza ). Major climate change phenomena (i.e., extreme rainfall and the delayed discharge caused by sea level rise) are responsible for frequent waterlogging in urban areas of BD (Alam & Rabbani ; Cazenave et al ). The impacts of waterlogging result in traffic congestion and damage to urban infrastructures K. Sarkar et al | Investigating urban waterlogging in Khulna city

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