Abstract
High elevations of groundwater at Mosul city is a very big problem and may cause mass destructions to the environment, health and building foundations due to the closing of groundwater near ground surface. From field investigations for 43 large diameter shallow wells, the water elevations were measured 14 times through 7 months. Utilizing raster based GIS operations with automated parameter estimation (PEST), the conceptual model was build and converted to numerical model. The hydraulic conductivity values have been found after model calibration. The elevations, path lines and flow vectors maps were drawn from model results. Three sectors for groundwater elevations in the city have been defined and introduced to the water management agency for prompt decisions. The distributed finite-difference flow code (MODFLOW) selected in this study has approved to be a useful tool for creating a groundwater flow model for the study area. The results of the model can be used for the sewerage net design in Mosul city also for the planning of the agriculture and industrial projects. Keywords: Groundwater; Mosul city; Environment; Modeling.
Highlights
Groundwater is considered one of the basic sources in many countries in the world to supply cities and urban places with water, for domestic, agricultural and industrial uses, due to unavailable surface water and lack in rainfall quantities
This feeding process leads to the increasing in the groundwater levels and cause the land flooding in many places which already suffer from the ancient networks for waste and storm water due to the clogging process
The amount of leaked water from water supply network as a result of existing cracks in the network pipes was estimated to be 30 % of all the pumped water quantities [1]. This is one of many reasons causes the increasing in the groundwater elevations in Mosul city
Summary
Groundwater is considered one of the basic sources in many countries in the world to supply cities and urban places with water, for domestic, agricultural and industrial uses, due to unavailable surface water and lack in rainfall quantities. Groundwater existence near ground surface may cause many engineering environmental problems in many places in the world, specially the urban places in the cities such as land flooding which may cause clogging in the storm and waste water network. This may lead to collect the rainfall water in addition to the released water quantities from homes and traditional shops especially during the strong rainfall storms. This study can be adopted in the future by other studies concerning the heavy waste water network design in addition to the possible uses in the planning of future industrial and agricultural projects
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