Abstract
When sinking shafts or driving tunnels in complicated hydrogeological conditions, soil freezing is widely used in mine and metro constructions and municipal engineering. Among the available techniques of driving or sinking, ground freezing appears to be the most universal and reliable. In a number of cases it is the only feasible way of driving tunnels in unstable water-bearing rocks. The use of liquid nitrogen to freeze water-bearing rocks while constructing foundations, foundations pits and shaft wells found wide application as early as the sixties, in France, England, Japan, USA USSR, and other countries. Thus great experience has been gained in using liquid nitrogen for high-speed freezing of water-bearing rocks. Nevertheless, there are scanty well-founded scientific recommendations for using liquid nitrogen freezing methods. This is due to the fact that the processes occurring in liquid nitrogen freezing are more intensive and complicated to evaluate than the processes of traditional brine freezing.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
