Abstract
Hysteresis loop measurements performed both experimentally for Bismuth Sodium Titanate (BNT) and Bismuth Potassium Titanate (BKT) samples using modified Sawyer-Tower Circuit. The experiment showed that the P-E hysteresis had main parameters for BNT, remnant polarization (Pr = 27 μC/cm2), spontaneous polarization (Ps = 35 μC/cm2) and coercive electric field (Ec = 60 kV/cm) and for BKT the remnant polarization was (Pr = 5.2 μC/cm2), spontaneous polarization (Ps = 30 μC/cm2) and coercive electric field (Ec = 4.72 kV/cm). These three parameters (remnant polarization, spontaneous polarization, coercive electric field) were used in a simulated software depending on the mathematical model for the polarization in ferroelectric materials. The simulation software predicted the value of applied electric field required to perform the P-E hysteresis experiment varying with Pr, Ps, Ec. The results of the simulation exhibited agreement with the experimental data. The last prediction could help the researchers in studying the ferroelectric hysteresis loop, especially for those studying a fatigue behaviour or studying the effect of electric field cycle on the hysteresis loop.
Highlights
Ferroelectric materials are materials possessing spontaneous polarization, which can be reversed by applying of an external electric field over a certain temperature range [1]
The polarization as a function electric field was plotted as a result from the output of the oscilloscope and estimate the remnant polarization (Pr), spontaneous polarization (Ps), and coercive electric field (Ec) for each sample
Most of the applied voltage exerted on the sample that was very important because one could be apply more than the twice coercive electric field on the sample in order to get a sharp hysteresis loop
Summary
Ferroelectric materials are materials possessing spontaneous polarization, which can be reversed by applying of an external electric field over a certain temperature range [1]. The most prominent features of ferroelectric properties are hysteresis and nonlinearity in the relation between the polarization P and the applied electric field E. The oxygen octahedral perovskite structure has the formula ABO3, and it was considered a promising material because the spontaneous polarization is greater than in other ferroelectric families [3]. The BNT ceramic like Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 and BKT ceramic like Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 were used to study the hysteresis loop and measuring the polarization as a function of electric field by using Sawyer-Tower circuit. The parameters remnant polarization, spontaneous polarization and coercive electric field measured by Sawyer-Tower circuit were used in the simulation program. The simulation program could help researchers to perform the hysteresis loop experiment and polarization fatigue, which help us perform the experimental parameters, especially for the polarization fatigue analysis and measuring polarization fatigue life. A comparison between experiment and theory could help to understand the Polarization behaviour and polarization domain dynamics
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