Abstract
The present article presents simulation results of a combined photovoltaic panel (PV) with natural flow single-channel thermal collector device (PV/T) for different thermal performance modes. The efficiencies of the PV/T and the same size photovoltaic panel are compared. Stress analysis was performed to realize the system’s limitation and resistibility to hydrostatic pressure. At different modes of operation, the photovoltaic efficiency was 6-15% higher for PV/T than for PV. The photovoltaic efficiency of PV/T was less influenced by insulation than that of PV, and combined thermal and photovoltaic efficiency was higher in insulated PV/T. Because of the hydrostatic pressure of water, the proposed design PV/T can use only limited existing PV panels which is a big disadvantage compared to other designs.
Highlights
The main concept of the PV/T system is to provide a photovoltaic converter (PV panel) with heat removal by means of a liquid or gas heat carrier
The maximum temperature of the PV/T is reached at the maximum ambient temperature hours, which leads to an increased electricity generation by lowering the temperature of the photoelectric converter and providing higher photovoltaic efficiency especially during high radiation hours
At least 10% efficiency degradation was avoided in the PV panel used in the PV/T system, and up to 20% efficiency degradation prevented when the PV panel is used in the PV/T system with a limited/controlled water temperature
Summary
The main concept of the PV/T system is to provide a photovoltaic converter (PV panel) with heat removal by means of a liquid (water) or gas (air) heat carrier. It is a single device in which photovoltaic efficiency is increased by lowering PV temperature, and the solar energy that does not take part in photovoltaic conversion is converted into thermal energy. Previews literature shows that the application potential of PV/T is already acknowledged through many studies [1, 2] They have low operating costs and expected service of 2030 years, very suitable for building integration [3, 4] and drying applications [5]. The reliability and cost of the product [8] and costs of recoupment, production, and installation [3] are still issues to be solved in order for PV/T to be successfully implemented [2]
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