Abstract
A multigroup spectral method is integrated into an interdisciplinary formulation for nonequilibrium radiative hypersonic flows. The developed simulation capability has been successfully applied to study the Stardust capsule Earth reentry via an axisymmetric approximation. The predicted total heat transfer rates at different stages of reentry achieve a reasonable agreement with results in literature. The computational results reveal a close correlation between the relaxation of vibrational excitations and diffusive heat transfer in the wake, as well as a diminished radiative intensity and a shifted emission spectrum in the shock layer toward the lower-frequency domain from the earlier to the later stages of the reentry.
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