Abstract
This research has focused on the generation of an economic, efficient and safe technology that allows adequate control of inlet flow and recirculation as well as factors associated with water quality. It is hoped that medium-sized aquaculture companies interested in providing fry for tropical fish farming can replicate this prototype. The design was based on the use of locally available components, considering recycled containers for mechanical and biological filters manufacture. Two recirculation lines were implemented: i) maintenance of aquatic organisms (MAO); ii) tropical fish hatching coupling (TFHC). In both cases, operating tests were performed with electric and solar heaters. The requirements for oxygenation, evacuation and separation of biosolids, excretion products biofiltration, CO2 degassing and fish metabolites, pathogens control, temperature maintenance and variables measurement were adapted and solved. Results show that the recirculation systems provide handling conditions with temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH stability, while nitrogen was safely removal in quantities and forms. As environmental adaptation for artificial hormonal induction treatments, there is a significant temperature increase, which is stable with the solar heating adaptations; oxygen remains in saturation concentration; and the biofilter systems remains below concentrations that could affect organisms in the recirculation systems removed NO2 and NO3 organic load. The recirculation flow rate is regulated in the MAO at approximately 10 l/min, a replacement rate of 120% per hour; while in the TFHC a flow rate of 7 l/min per incubator was used, i.e. 14 L/min in the system, which implies a replacement of 280% in the incubators and 170% in the maintenance tanks.
Highlights
As part of the adaptation process in captivity, Amazonian reophilic, native species group, requires hormonal induction
The entire system was split into two recirculation systems, both continuously adjusted to achieve greater efficiency
The recirculation system provides managed conditions to facilitate this process with greater stability in temperature, concentration of dissolved and saturated oxygen, pH, and removal of nitrogen in quantities and forms that can be toxic [10]
Summary
As part of the adaptation process in captivity, Amazonian reophilic, native species group, requires hormonal induction. Adequate facilities must be provided in order to get control of the reproduction processes necessary [1]. Having access to a laboratory helped to improve production processes that were relevant, such as: i) dosage and monitoring of hormonal induction treatment; ii) control of female spawning and male ejaculation; iii) egg fertilization, hydration and hatching; iv) larval harvesting and subsequent post-larvae nursery for breeding as juveniles [2]. It is necessary to increase and diversify in the knowledge of RAS (Recirculating Aquaculture Systems) using local social-economical context, where required to adapt technology towards its affordability and resources to increase production [4]. It should be noted that in the Amazon there are many species of commercial interest that are flagship umbrella species such as Brycon amazonicus, Prochilodus nigricans, Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, among others [5]; Laboratory support is essential in helping species in captivity make their spawning possible [6]
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