Abstract
Problem statement: The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity K(θ) and Soil Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) for saline soil or soil directly contacted with saline water are not permitted using several apparatus to determining. Approach: A simplified method to determine K(θ) and SWCC by using simple apparatus is presented. Using the proposed numerical model with the van Genuchten equations and inverse calculation for K (θ) and SWCC to produce the best fit of this model calculation to the experimental cumulative capillary flow in dry soil columns. These are found by an optimization procedure which adjusts the parameters of K(θ) and SWCC. In addition, the resulting SWCC from the model was used to evaluate the K(θ) for the Gardner equation. Results: Values of saturated hydraulic conductivity Ksat for the van Genuchten equations were lower than those based on the Gardner equation. The Ksat values of dense soil were nearly overall lower than loose soil. Conclusion: Good agreement (R2 value) was obtained in the SWCC and Ksat values from the experiment and those calculated from the van Genuchten and Gardner equations this suggests that the simplified method provides a useful means of determining unsaturated flow parameters.
Highlights
Saline soils in the north-east of Thailand where is sub-humid areas cover an area of approximately 2.85 Mha
A major cause of salt reaching the surface in this area is due to the rise of saline watertables to the capillary fringe and the rise of salt to the surface (Konyai et al, 2009; Löffler and Kubiniok, 1988)
The main objective of this study was to develop a simplified method for determining the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity K(θ) and Soil Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) for saline soils or soils directly in contact with saline water
Summary
Saline soils in the north-east of Thailand where is sub-humid areas cover an area of approximately 2.85 Mha. A major cause of salt reaching the surface in this area is due to the rise of saline watertables to the capillary fringe and the rise of salt to the surface (Konyai et al, 2009; Löffler and Kubiniok, 1988). Upward movement of these saline waters contributes to the salinisation of the area. The sample soil was compacted in soil columns with two different compactions for evaluation of the parameters of unsaturated hydraulic properties
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