Simple Shear Tests on Unsaturated Soils

Abstract

Rainfall induces landslides in several geo-environmental contexts through a variety of triggering mechanisms. In shallow covers of unsaturated silts or loose sands, static liquefaction may occur upon shearing or wetting. The paper proposes simple shear and wetting tests performed on remoulded specimens of air-fall volcanic pyroclastic silty sands from Sarno site (Italy), where huge flowslides occurred. Simple shear wetting tests reproduce the initial stress conditions in the field as well as the stress path of the most common triggering mechanisms which take place during critical rainfalls. The tests are carried out through the Unsaturated Simple Shear apparatus designed at the University of Salerno. First, simple shear tests are performed in dry and saturated conditions and the results compared in terms of shear strength and volumetric response. Then, wetting tests – under constant vertical stress or constant shear stress – are performed. The experimental results are presented and the future research is outlined.