Abstract
The use of molecular markers to facilitate the introgression of plant introduction (PI) germplasm into elite soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars will depend on the amount of polymorphism that exists between elite genotypes and PIs. The objective of this study was to assess the simple sequence repeat (SSR) diversity of 39 elite soybean genotypes (Elites) and 40 PIs that were selected for high yield potential. A total of 397 alleles were detected among the 79 genotypes at 74 SSR marker loci. The number of alleles detected among the PIs was 30% greater than that detected among the Elites. There were 138 alleles specific to the PIs that occurred across 60 SSR loci and 32 alleles specific to the Elites that occurred across 27 SSR loci. Average marker diversity among the PIs was 0.56 and ranged from 0.0 to 0.84. Average marker diversity among the Elites was 0.50 and ranged from 0.0 to 0.79. Genetic similarity estimates based on simple matching coefficients revealed more genetic diversity among the PIs than among the Elites. The greatest genetic diversity was between the PIs and Elites. The ability of SSRs to distinguish among elite soybean genotypes and PIs with agronomic merit may assist with the transfer of favorable alleles from PIs into elite soybean cultivars.
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