Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate a one-color two-photon transition from the 5S1/2 ground state to the 6S1/2 excited state in rubidium (Rb) vapor using a continuous wave laser at 993 nm. The Rb vapor contains both isotopes (85Rb and 87Rb) in their natural abundances. The electric dipole-allowed transitions are characterized by varying the power and polarization of the excitation laser. Since the optical setup is relatively simple, and the energies of the allowed levels are impervious to stray magnetic fields, this is an attractive choice for a frequency reference at 993 nm, with possible applications in precision measurements and quantum information processing.
Highlights
We experimentally demonstrate a one-color two-photon transition from the 5S1/2 ground state to the 6S1/2 excited state in rubidium (Rb) vapor using a continuous wave laser at 993 nm
Future investigation of the enhanced nonlinear process by embedding an optical nanofiber in such a system will open up new possibilities for the generation of a fiber-integrated photon-pair source for quantum key distribution
Summary
Two-photon processes in atomic systems have several distinct advantages over single-photon processes. When the two photons are derived from two laser beams in a counter-propagating configuration, a judicious choice of the polarizations can yield background-less, Doppler-free spectra [2, 3]. Two-photon transition frequencies for S to S transitions are insensitive to magnetic fields below the Pacshen-Back domain [4], while two-photon transitions to metastable states have extremely narrow linewidths compared to those for single-photon processes [5, 6]. These unique features make two-photon spectroscopy a powerful tool for precision measurements. Following the first observation of a two-photon transition in an atomic system containing cesium [7], numerous different atomic transitions have been investigated [8–14]. The technique has been extensively used for metrology and the accurate determination of fundamental constants [15, 16], as a frequency reference [17], and in quantum telecommunications [18]
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