Abstract
We construct simple renormalizable extensions of the standard model where the leading baryon number violating processes have $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}B=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}L=\ensuremath{-}2$. These models contain additional scalars. The simplest models contain a color singlet and a colored sextet. For such a baryon number violation to be observed in experiments, the scalars cannot be much heavier than a few tera-electron-volts. We find that such models are strongly constrained by LHC physics, LEP physics, and flavor physics.
Highlights
If the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe arises from physics below the Planck scale, it signals new physics that most likely fits into the current paradigm of quantum field theory
There is no evidence of baryon number violation from laboratory experiments despite heroic efforts to observe it
If one classifies the nonrenormalizable operators composed of standard model fields that can give rise to such processes in terms of the change in baryon number ΔB, it is only operators with jΔBj ≤ 2 that have a hope of being observed in the laboratory and not be in conflict with data
Summary
If the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe arises from physics below the Planck scale, it signals new physics that most likely fits into the current paradigm of quantum field theory Presuming that this is the case, it is interesting to enumerate the possible (nonrenormalizable) contact interactions that give rise to these processes and construct renormalizable extensions of the standard model that produce them. Simplest renormalizable models that give rise to these processes have been constructed [2] In both cases the scale Λ is so high that there are no relevant constraints on the new degrees of freedom and their couplings to quarks from flavor physics and LHC experiments. Given the large uncertainty in our estimate of the hadronic matrix element, one of the nonminimal models we consider may give an observable rate for the process pp → μþμþ [at the nuclear level ðA; ZÞ → ðA − 2; Z − 2Þ þ μþμþ]
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