Simple, low-cost and sensitive electrochemical sensing of antineoplastic drug amethopterin based on a nanocarbon black modified electrode.

Abstract

Various methods have been proposed currently to detect amethopterin (ATP, a widely used anticancer drug that is also called methotrexate); however, a simple and low-cost electrochemical method coupled with high sensitivity is scarce. In this study, by using low-cost and readily available nanocarbon black (NCB), which has excellent conductivity and stable dispersion in water as well as large surface area, as electrode materials to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), a simple, inexpensive and highly-sensitive electrochemical sensor was constructed based on NCB/GCE. The electrochemical behaviors of ATP at both NCB/GCE and GCE were studied; the results show that the peak current of ATP at NCB/GCE is extremely higher than that at the bare GCE. For sensing ATP with high sensitivity, various control conditions including accumulation time, pH values of the phosphate buffer solution and NCB amount were optimized. The quantitative testing results show that NCB/GCE presents excellent sensing performances with a wide linearity range from 0.01 to 10.0 μM and low limit of detection (4.0 nM) towards ATP. Moreover, the investigation in the reproducibility and stability as well as selectivity of NCB/GCE demonstrated that the related results are also satisfactory. It is thus simple and effective method for ATP analysis and has important applications.