Abstract
A simple, fast, and inexpensive anodic stripping voltammetric procedure for trace determination of cadmium in natural water samples containing high concentrations of surface-active substances was described. It was proved that interferences from the organic matrix such as surface-active substances could be removed by the addition of Amberlite XAD-7 resin to the analyzed sample prior to the voltammetric measurement. A renewable mercury film silver-based electrode (Hg(Ag)FE) was used as the working electrode. The following optimum conditions were found: 0.1 mol L−1 acetic acid, accumulation potential of − 0.8 V, and accumulation time of 30 s. The linear range of Cd(II) was observed over the concentration range from 5 × 10−8 mol L−1 to 6 × 10−5 mol L−1, with a correlation coefficient equal to 0.997. The detection limit of Cd(II) for preconcentration time of 30 s was 1.3 × 10−8 mol L−1. The proposed procedure was successfully tested for the detection of cadmium in different non-pretreated and non-deaerated real water samples.
Highlights
Cadmium is a naturally occurring element which is not very abundant in Earth’s crust, but it is widely dispersed in a variety of compounds
Regardless of the soil reaction, cadmium is very absorbed by plants [1]
To fill the gap related to this issue, in the proposed work, we focused on eliminating interference in the presence of surfactants by using the adsorption nature of Amberlite XAD-7 resin
Summary
Cadmium is a naturally occurring element which is not very abundant in Earth’s crust (its average concentration in pure form is between 0.15–0.20 ppm), but it is widely dispersed in a variety of compounds. Most cadmium salts are soluble and migration of this element in the natural environment can take place. Cadmium forms soluble complexes with organic compounds, which increases its mobility. When introduced into the soil, cadmium is generally soluble especially in acidic conditions and can be leached out of soils much faster than other heavy metals. Cadmium is not present in solutions of unpolluted soils. Regardless of the soil reaction, cadmium is very absorbed by plants [1]
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