Abstract
Due to their bio-based character, oil-based coatings become more and more prevalent in wood surface finishing. These coatings impart appealing optical and haptic properties to the wood surface, but lack sufficient protection against water and mechanical influences. The present study reports a simple green route to improve the performance of linseed oil coating by the addition of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). In order to achieve surface chemical compatibility with linseed oil, NFC was chemically modified with acetic anhydride and (2-dodecen-1-yl)succinic anhydride, respectively, using propylene carbonate as a solvent. NFC/linseed oil formulations were prepared and applied to wood substrates. The wear resistance of oil-coated wood surfaces was assessed by a newly developed test combining abrasive loading with subsequent contact angle measurement. As revealed by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD), NFC has been successfully modified without significantly affecting the structure of cellulose. In abrasion tests, all NFC-modified oil coatings performed better than the original oil. Interestingly, NFC only suspended in propylene carbonate, i.e., without chemical modification, had the strongest improvement effect on the coating’s wear resistance. This was primarily attributed to the loose network structure of this NFC variant which effectively prevents the oil from penetration into the wood surface, thus forming a protective NFC/oil composite layer on the wood surface.
Highlights
By volume, the forest products industry is the most significant provider of raw materials for sustainably-produced chemicals and materials
The present study reports a simple green route to improve the performance of linseed oil coating by the addition of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC)
As revealed by FTIR and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, NFC was successfully modified with acetic anhydride and (2-dodecen-1-yl)succinic anhydride, respectively, using propylene carbonate as a anhydride and (2-dodecen-1-yl)succinic anhydride, respectively, using propylene carbonate as a solvent
Summary
The forest products industry is the most significant provider of raw materials for sustainably-produced chemicals and materials. In order to preserve the natural, bio-based character of the raw material wood throughout the entire production process up to the final product, bio-based adhesives [1,2] and coatings are of high interest both to manufacturers and consumers of wood-based products. While solvent-based systems have been dominant in film-forming wood coatings over a long period of time, environmental concerns have led to a strong increase in the use of waterborne coatings [3,4]. As an alternative to film-forming coating systems, oil-based coatings offer a certain protection to wood surfaces. The use of linseed oil in wood coatings, which can be tracked back. Linseed oil penetrates into the wood surface and dries by an autoxidation process [6]. While linseed oil provides highly-appreciated optics and haptics to wood surfaces, protection against water through surface hydrophobisation and protection against mechanical wear are provided only to a minimum
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