Abstract
Simple bone cyst (SBC), also known as unicameral bone cyst, is a benign, fluid-filled cystic lesion that mainly appears in the long bones of young patients. Simple bone cysts are considered dysplastic or reactive lesions of bone. The most common locations for SBCs are the proximal humerus and femur. Lesions may occasionally be found in the jawbones. Simple bone cysts often have no clinical impact and are usually detected during routine radiographic examinations unless a gross pathologic fracture occurs. When symptoms develop, they may include mild pain, local tenderness and swelling. Computed tomography (CT) scans demonstrate a central, well-defined, mildly expansile or non-expansile, thin-walled lytic lesion, with little or no marginal sclerosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) usually confirms the cystic nature of the lesion by showing its fluid content. Cystic masses in the hyoid bone are very rare. Here we report an asymptomatic SBC in the hyoid bone, incidentally discovered in a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination, which appears to be the 2nd reported case.
Highlights
Simple bone cyst (SBC) is a benign, fluid-filled cystic lesion, which constitutes approx. 3% of all bone tumors, and mainly appears in the long bones of predominantly male children and adolescents.[1]
Cystic masses in the hyoid bone are quite rare and there have been 6 cases reported in the literature to date, including 4 thyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs),[9–12 1] aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC),[13] and 1 unicameral bone cyst (UBC) or SBC.[8]
Thyroglossal duct cysts can occur anywhere along the course of the thyroglossal duct, with the majority being associated with the hyoid region.[16]
Summary
Simple bone cyst (SBC) is a benign, fluid-filled cystic lesion, which constitutes approx. 3% of all bone tumors, and mainly appears in the long bones of predominantly male children and adolescents.[1]. Simple bone cyst (SBC) is a benign, fluid-filled cystic lesion, which constitutes approx. 3% of all bone tumors, and mainly appears in the long bones of predominantly male children and adolescents.[1]. Simple bone cysts lack an epithelial lining; they do not represent true cysts. Several names have been used as synonyms for SBC, including idiopathic bone cavi ty, unicameral bone cyst (UBC), traumatic bone cyst, hemorrhagic bone cyst, solitary bone cyst, and extra vasation cyst.[2]. The proposed causative mechanisms include trauma, obstruction in the venous flow in bone marrow sinusoids, and a growth defect in the epiphyseal plate.[1]. Simple bone cysts have been largely found in the metaphyseal areas of long bones, with the majority in 2 locations – the proximal humerus and femur.[1].
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