Abstract
In artistic gymnastics, the possibility of using 2D video analysis to measure the peak height (hpeak) and length of flight (L) during routine training in order to monitor the execution and development of difficult elements is intriguing. However, the validity and reliability of such measurements remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, the hpeak and L of 38 vaults, performed by top-level gymnasts, were assessed by 2D and 3D analysis in order to evaluate criterion validity and both intrarater and interrater reliability of the 2D method. Validity calculations showed higher accuracy for hpeak (±95% LoA: ±3.6% of average peak height) than for L (±95% LoA: ±7.6% of average length). Minor random errors, but no systematic errors, were observed in the examination of intrarater reliability (hpeak: CV% = 0.44%, p = 0.81; L: CV% = 0.87%, p = 0.14) and interrater reliability (hpeak: CV% = 0.51%, p = 0.55; L: CV% = 0.72%, p = 0.44). In conclusion, the validity and reliability of the 2D method are deemed sufficient (particularly for hpeak, but with some limitations for L) to justify its use in routine training of the vault. Due to its simplicity and low cost, this method could be an attractive monitoring tool for gymnastics coaches.
Highlights
Video analysis is common in elite sports and covers different areas of application
Two-dimensional analysis (2D1 ) showed small differences in mean compared to 3D analysis (Table 1)
There was a tendency for a systematic error for hpeak with 2D compared to 3D analysis
Summary
Video analysis is common in elite sports and covers different areas of application. In individual sports, especially acrobatic sports, video analysis is used to compare and improve complex skills [1].For quantifying biomechanical aspects of such skills, such as score-relevant kinematic variables of vaults in artistic gymnastics, 3D motion capture (3D video analysis) is used. [2,3]. Video analysis is common in elite sports and covers different areas of application. Especially acrobatic sports, video analysis is used to compare and improve complex skills [1]. For quantifying biomechanical aspects of such skills, such as score-relevant kinematic variables of vaults in artistic gymnastics, 3D motion capture (3D video analysis) is used. By means of video analyses, Brehmer and Naundorf [4] created reference values for kinematic parameters, indicating the safe execution of vaults. To make use of such reference values, measuring certain kinematic parameters in routine training becomes crucial, so that gymnasts’ performances can be compared with the requirements of certain vaults. In regard to monitoring training progress, using video analysis during routine training is intriguing [2,3]
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