Simple and Rapid Determination of Golf Course Pesticides by In-Tube Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

A simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of seven golf course pesticides in aqueous samples was developed by using in-tube solid-phase microextraction (in-tube SPME) coupled with liquid chromatography. In-tube SPME, in which the analytes were extracted from the sample directly into an open capillary column, is an extraction technique for organic compounds in aqueous samples. Although an open tubular capillary column with a thick film of polymer was used for the conventional in-tube SPME, we used a porous-layer open-tabular (PLOT) column in which there was a porous layer on the inner wall and has a larger surface area. A microsyringe pump equipped with a gastight syringe was employed to sequentially pump the sample solution through the capillary. The detection limits were from 0.9 to 4.1 ng ml-1. The calibration curves were linear in the range from 1 to 50 ng ml-1. We took a survey of seven golf course pesticides in several water samples by using the developed method.