Abstract
Similar sublattices of the root lattice A 4 are possible [J.H. Conway, E.M. Rains, N.J.A. Sloane, On the existence of similar sublattices, Can. J. Math. 51 (1999) 1300–1306] for each index that is the square of a non-zero integer of the form m 2 + m n − n 2 . Here, we add a constructive approach, based on the arithmetic of the quaternion algebra H ( Q ( 5 ) ) and the existence of a particular involution of the second kind, which also provides the actual sublattices and the number of different solutions for a given index. The corresponding Dirichlet series generating function is closely related to the zeta function of the icosian ring.
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