Abstract
The potential pharmaceutical application of nanoparticles has led to the toxicity within the male reproductive system. In the present study, the effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on hematological parameters, free radical generation, antioxidant system, sperm parameters, and organ histo-morphometry in male rats were investigated. Ag-NPs were produced by the reduction of silver ions, while the formation of which was monitored by UV–visible spectrophotometry. Zeta potential, transmission, and scanning electron microscopies were applied for the characterization of AgNPs. A total of 30 rats were divided into 6 groups and were sub-dermally exposed to Ag-NPs at the dosage of 0 (control), 10, and 50 mg/kg bodyweight (bw) doses for either 7 or 28 days. Ag-NP administration altered hematological indices and caused dose-dependent decreases in sperm motility, velocity, kinematic parameters, concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone. In the epididymis and testis, the concentrations of malondialdehyde and peroxide increases while superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, and total thiol group decreases. These findings suggest that Ag-NP triggered hormonal imbalance and induce oxidative stress in testis and epididymis; which negatively affect sperm parameters of male rats.
Highlights
Nanoparticles (NPs) are particles that are designed and produced with a dimension or size that is≤ 100 nanometers [1]
Ag-NPs).state of Ag-NP is an important property to evaluate since it impacts NP fate, Theof aggregation transport, and toxicity [16]
The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrograph indicated that aggregation of the primary Ag-NP in the aqueous phase was more pronounced compared to the dry form; indicating an increase in Ag-NP size when in suspension
Summary
Nanoparticles (NPs) are particles that are designed and produced with a dimension or size that is. Recent studies have indicated an increased incidence of male reproductive additives, catalyst, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, the diagnosis, food industry, orthopedics, application in various fields, agriculture including biomedicine, diseases gene, drug delivery,and fuel defects, including lowtherapy, sperm production in hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and testicular antimicrobial etc. Thisraising increased incidence of male reproductive defects may be partly attributable to defects, including low sperm production in adulthood, hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and testicular contaminant wide use and environmental persistence of NPsto cancer [11]. The of NP to cross the hemato-testicular different effects sperm cellability functions either upon direct exposure under spermatogenesis need to be investigated on aoncase-by-case basis due to the administered concentration, barrier hasconditions been demonstrated raising concerns their distribution biocompatibility inof vitro or if administered in vivo. Characterization of the Ag-NP hematological parameters, and testicular histo-morphometry in rats
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