Abstract
Flexible electronics can be developed with a low-cost and simple fabrication process while being environmentally friendly. Conductive silver inks have been the most applied material in flexible substrates. This study evaluated the performance of different conductive ink formulations using silver nanoparticles by studying the material properties, the inkjet printing process, and application based on electrical impedance spectroscopy using a buffer solution. Silver nanoparticles synthesis was carried out through chemical reduction of silver nitrate; then, seven conductive ink formulations were produced. Properties such as resistivity, viscosity, surface tension, adhesion, inkjet printability of the inks, and electrical impedance of the printed electrodes were investigated. Curing temperature directly influenced the electrical properties of the inks. The resistivity obtained varied from 3.3 × 100 to 5.6 × 10−06 Ω.cm. Viscosity ranged from 3.7 to 7.4 mPa.s, which is suitable for inkjet printing fabrication. By using a buffer solution as an analyte, the printed electrode pairs presented electrical impedance lower than 200 Ω for all the proposed designs, demonstrating the potential of the formulated inks for utilization in flexible electronic devices for biological sensing applications.
Highlights
Flexible electronics can be developed with a low-cost and simple fabrication process while being environmentally friendly
This study aimed to develop different conductive ink formulations using silver nanoparticles, investigate the formulation properties, fabrication process performance, and the application as electrodes to detect biochemical reactions based on electrical impedance using a buffer solution
The inks developed showed a viscosity varying between 3.69 and 7.41 mPa.s, which according to literature, would be adequate for inkjet printing
Summary
Flexible electronics can be developed with a low-cost and simple fabrication process while being environmentally friendly. This study evaluated the performance of different conductive ink formulations using silver nanoparticles by studying the material properties, the inkjet printing process, and application based on electrical impedance spectroscopy using a buffer solution. Silver nanoparticles synthesis was carried out through chemical reduction of silver nitrate; seven conductive ink formulations were produced Properties such as resistivity, viscosity, surface tension, adhesion, inkjet printability of the inks, and electrical impedance of the printed electrodes were investigated. Inkjet printing has been investigated as an alternative production tool for the fabrication of conductive elements and devices in the field of flexible electronics This fabrication technique deposits particles of the material with desirable electrical properties onto a substrate, after which, the printed pattern is converted into conductive elements[1]. Depending on the printing machine, these properties vary, but in general, for inkjet printing, viscosity ranges from 1 to 25 mPa.s and surface tension from 25 to 50 mN/m14
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