Abstract
Nowadays, mastitis is one of the biggest problems in breeding dairy cattle. Treatment of this disease with conventional antibiotics is ineffective because many pathogens are resistant. Researchers have therefore been forced to look for new solutions, and metal nanoparticles (NPs) have been found to be the most appropriate agents. This study uses commercially available silver (AgNPs) and copper (CuNPs) nanoparticles and synthetized silver–copper nanoparticles (AgCuNPs) to evaluate the effect of these NPs on human and bovine mammary cells. The effect of AgNPs, CuNPs, and AgCuNPs on pathogen species commonly involved in udder inflammation (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) was also established. The results show that commercially available NPs were of good quality and did not have a toxic effect on mammary gland tissue. AgNPs, CuNPs, and AgCuNPs also influenced or decreased the viability of pathogens. Therefore, the presented data suggest that metal NPs could be used in mastitis prevention and treatment in the future. However, the presented preliminary results require further in vivo analysis.
Highlights
About 90% of udder inflammations are caused by different environmental bacteria [1]
References suggest that the antibiotic amounts used in the treatment of mastitis should be reduced, as inappropriate antibiotic use in the treatment of dairy cows in the past has contributed to the increased antibiotic resistance of pathogens involved in mastitis [2]
The data showed that AgCuNPs occur due to the self-organization phenomenon that is a widely known fact
Summary
About 90% of udder inflammations (mastitis) are caused by different environmental bacteria [1]. One of the most promising ideas is the possibility of using metal nanoparticles (NPs). Their antibacterial properties are of high interest due to the growing development of resistant pathogen strains [3]. NPs are produced and utilized in a wide range of commercial products, e.g., silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in electronics, bio-sensing, clothing, food production, paints, sunscreens, cosmetics, and medicine. Their common use increases human exposure to NPs and the potential risks connected with their short- and long-term toxicity [5]. Different results from different studies may be connected with various factors, e.g., type or size of NPs, synthesis method, or conditions
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