Abstract
Pneumoconiosis is defined as a diffuse interstitial lung disease secondary to inhalation of mineral particles. Haemoptysis is common in pneumoconiosis. But it is usually secondary to bronchiectasis, bronchitis or pulmonary tuberculosis occurring with silicosis. A 74-year-old Portuguese man, known to have chronic respiratory failure secondary to chronic silicosis, was treated for moderate haemoptysis. CT angiography revealed bilateral fibrosing peri-hilar masses, inferior lobe nodules and previously known mediastinal lymphadenopathy, without active bleeding. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy showed an anthracotic appearance with lesions typical of silicosis on pathological examination of trans-bronchial biopsies and needle aspiration of mediastinal adenopathy by endobronchial ultrasound. After a full aetiological assessment, no cause other than silicosis has been identified. Haemoptysis is frequently observed in silicosis, but it results from silicosis complications. It is not a classic complication of isolated silicosis.
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