Abstract
In the first part of this paper the various characteristics of SiPMs that affect the use of SiPMs in gamma spectroscopy using scintillators, are reviewed. It covers SiPM gain, photon detection efficiency (PDE), after-pulses and cross-talk (which are responsible for the excess noise factor), dark noise, and linearity of response. In this respect the influence of the SiPMs’ effective dead time on the linearity of the response is discussed. In the second part, the optimization of SiPM operation for the best energy resolution and linearity of response is presented. Finally, a number of tests on combinations of SiPM arrays of different sizes that are coupled to different scintillators used in gamma spectroscopy are reported (such as NaI(Tl), BGO, LaBr3, and LYSO are reviewed, including 3x3 inch NaI(Tl) and BGO tests. Besides the characterization of the different SiPMs used in scintillation detection and spectroscopy, a discussion is carried out concerning their present and future application in various fields of use — covering instrumentation for homeland security, environmental study, plasma physics and others.
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