Abstract
ABSTRACT Integrated pest management (IPM) strategies are among the factors promoting plant resistance to pests, and silicon application may increase this resistance. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate the control of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae) through foliar application of silicon in cabbage crops. The experiment was conducted in the vegetable producing area of Água Limpa Farm, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil. The experimental design was of randomized blocks with nine treatments and four replicates, totaling 36 plots. The applied treatments consisted of Agrosilicon® (10.5% Si) (T1), Sifol® (12% Si) (T2), deltamethrin 25 g L-1 (Decis® 25 EC) (T3), Bacillus thuringiensis, 33.60 g L-1 (Dipel® SC) (T4), Agrosilicon® + deltamethrin 25 g L-1(Decis® 25 EC) (T5), Agrosilicon® + Bacillus thuringiensis, 33.60 g L-1 (Dipel® SC) (T6), Sifol® + deltamethrin 25 g L-1 (Decis® 25 EC) (T7), Sifol® + Bacillus thuringiensis, 33.60 g L-1 (Dipel® SC) (T8) and control (T9). Agrosilicon® and Sifol® were applied weekly and the products deltamethrin and Bacillus thuringiensis were applied according to the damage level established for DBM in cabbage crops. Foliar application of silicon, alone or in combination with chemical and biological insecticides - T2, T7 and T8, were the best strategy to control DBM in cabbage crops, resulting in the lowest number of caterpillars per plant, lowest leaf damages and best aesthetic value of plants. Silicon foliar application can be considered as an auxiliary method of DBM management in cabbage crops, followed by the doses recommended by the manufacturers.
Highlights
Aplicação de silício como método auxiliar no controle da traça das crucíferas na cultura do repolho
Laboratory experiments with diamondback moth (DBM) on cabbage confirmed the effect of silicon on its feeding preference, mortality and on the anatomy of their mandibles, indicating its use as a complementary tool in integrated pest management (IPM) (Freitas et al, 2012)
The experiment was conducted in the vegetable producing area of Água Limpa Farm of the Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil (15°57’10’’S, 47°57’13’’W, 1,100 m altitude), from August to November 2013
Summary
Aplicação de silício como método auxiliar no controle da traça das crucíferas na cultura do repolho. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial da aplicação de silício no controle da traça-das-crucíferas (TDC), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae), na cultura do repolho. A aplicação de silício via foliar, isolada ou associada aos inseticidas químicos e biológicos, T2, T7 e T8, resultou na melhor estratégia de controle da TDC na cultura do repolho, com menor número de lagartas por planta, menor número de perfurações nas folhas e melhor avaliação estética das plantas de repolho. Silicon applications induce plant resistance to insect pests by forming mechanical barriers on the outer cell wall of plants (Goussain et al, 2002; Costa & Moraes, 2006; Freitas et al, 2014), increasing the synthesis of phenolic compounds and lignin (Currie & Perry, 2007) and activating endogenous chemical defenses of attacked plants (Epstein, 2009; Kvedaras et al, 2009). Laboratory experiments with DBM on cabbage confirmed the effect of silicon on its feeding preference, mortality and on the anatomy of their mandibles, indicating its use as a complementary tool in IPM (Freitas et al, 2012)
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