Silica Modified with Polyaniline as a Potential Sorbent for Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion (MSPD) and Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction (d-SPE) of Plant Samples.

Ireneusz Sowa,Sławomir Dresler,Jan Sawicki,Magdalena Wójciak-Kosior,Wojciech Szwerc,Michał Staniak,Jarosław Mołdoch,Michał Latalski,Maciej Strzemski

doi:10.3390/ma11040467

Abstract

Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the best known conductive polymers with multiple applications. Recently, it was also used in separation techniques, mostly as a component of composites for solid-phase microextraction (SPME). In the present paper, sorbent obtained by in situ polymerization of aniline directly on silica gel particles (Si-PANI) was used for dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) and matrix solid–phase extraction (MSPD). The efficiency of both techniques was evaluated with the use of high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) quantitative analysis. The quality of the sorbent was verified by Raman spectroscopy and microscopy combined with automated procedure using computer image analysis. For extraction experiments, triterpenes were chosen as model compounds. The optimal conditions were as follows: protonated Si-PANI impregnated with water, 160/1 sorbent/analyte ratio, 3 min of extraction time, 4 min of desorption time and methanolic solution of ammonia for elution of analytes. The proposed procedure was successfully used for pretreatment of plant samples.

Highlights

Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the best known conductive polymers with broad application in many fields such as chemistry, physics, optics, materials and biomedical science
Standards of betulinic (BA) (≥98%), oleanolic (OA) (≥97%), and ursolic (UA) (≥98.5%) acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
Extracts from Viscum album L. and Ocimum basilicum L were prepared by extraction of pulverized plant material (1.00 g) with methanol (2 × 20 mL) in ultrasonic bath (2 × 15 min)

Summary

Introduction

Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the best known conductive polymers with broad application in many fields such as chemistry, physics, optics, materials and biomedical science. It was applied, e.g., as a component of sensors, diodes, solar batteries, electromagnetic shields, and materials for protection against corrosion [1,2,3,4,5]. Arnnok et al [19] used polyaniline-modified zeolite in DSPE of fruit and vegetables to isolate carbamate, organophosphate, sulfonylurea, pyrethroid and neonicotinoid; Alizadeh et al [11] adapted polyester-polyaniline fiber for SPME of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from lemon juice, and silica modified with polyaniline (Si-PANI) was applied as an SPE adsorbent for sample clean-up before HPLC analysis of triterpenes in plant extracts [18]

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Conclusion