Abstract
A study of silica and iron recovery from the iron ore concentration tailing is presented. The residue is composed of 40.1% Fe, 33.4% SiO2, 8.31% Al2O3, 0.08% P, and 0.34% MnO. The developed process of silica and iron recovery consisted of size classification, magnetic separation, and removal of impurities by leaching. A concentration of SiO2 from 33.4% to 67.0%, with 60.0% of mass reduction, was achieved by size classification. After magnetic separation, the SiO2 grade increased from 67.0% to 95.0%, in non-magnegtic fraction and iron increased from 40.1% to 60.2% in magnetic fraction. The iron content in magnetic fraction achieved the commercial grade. In order to increase the content of silica, the impurities removal from the non-magnetic fraction was studied. The leaching agents investigated were HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, HF, C6H8O7, (COOH)2.2H2O and NaOH. A concentration of 98.0% SiO2 was attained with the acid digestion.
Highlights
The SiO2 grade increased from 67.0% to 95.0%, in non-magnegtic fraction and iron increased from 40.1% to 60.2% in magnetic fraction
The largest iron reserves on Earth are composed of Banded Iron Formations (BIFs), which are altered sedimentary deposits with laminated rocks formed by alternating layers of silica and hematite-magnetite, as well as carbonates and iron silicates
The residue generated by magnetic separation consists of fine iron oxide and silicates
Summary
The largest iron reserves on Earth are composed of Banded Iron Formations (BIFs), which are altered sedimentary deposits with laminated rocks formed by alternating layers of silica and hematite-magnetite, as well as carbonates and iron silicates. The residue generated by magnetic separation consists of fine iron oxide and silicates. The other one is similar to clay, consisting of quartz ultrafine particles, iron oxides and hydroxides (mainly goethite) and aluminum silicates. These residues have been used to fill mining pits or stored in dams that require permanent and costly monitoring. There are several studies related to removal of iron from silicates, aiming at purification of silica by chemical processes. Leaching experiments and acid digestion were performed to reduce the levels of impurities of the non-magnetic fraction, especially aluminum and iron, in which the type and concentration of the leaching agent, the reaction time and the temperature were varied
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