Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Diabetes: A Critical Review of Risk Factors and Screening Strategies

Abstract

Silent Myocardial Ischemia is frequent amongst diabetics as result of autonomic dysfunction and loss of pain alert mechanism. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients have a higher incidence of Silent myocardial ischemia, which leads to poorer long-term cardiovascular outcomes. Cardiovascular disease is the dominant source of mortality and morbidity in diabetics. There are numerous risk factors associated with Silent myocardial ischemia in diabetes that requires earlier screening in order to prevent unexpected cardiovascular mortality, as 50% to 80% of all heart attacks are silent in nature. To achieve the suggested control over glycaemia, blood pressure, and lipids, more focus is required on guidelines-directed therapy. Conclusion: We observed that type 2 diabetics were more likely than type 1 diabetics to experience Silent myocardial ischemia. The majority of instances were observed in male patients, over 50 years of age and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for 5 to 10 years. Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Dyslipidaemia, Pulmonary hypertension, Aspirin, Macrophages, Hyperglycemia