Abstract
Silene conoidea L. is a weed commonly grown in subtropical and temperate zone of western Eurasia, and some part of Himalaya. S. conoidea is a small herb height from 20 to 40cm mostly grow as weed in different crops like wheat, barley, mustard, roquette and lentil pea. This is the first attempt to gather utmost information about the species distribution, taxonomy, ethno-medicines, phytochemical analysis, biological activity etc. of Silene conoidea. The present review aim was to collect fragmented information about the species in addition to explore its therapeutic importance in future research opportunities. A total of 100 research articles were reviewed using different sources like; Scopus, web of science, Science direct, google scholar and PubMed. The species are used as multipurpose in different biological activities against microbes, bacteria and as insecticidal. Silene is also important due to high contents of various chemicals compounds. Chemical extracts contain flavones, glycosides, saponins, sterols and glycosides. A research study shows that S. conoidea can be used as an indicator species of gold. Traditional therapeutic values of the species for treating respiratory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic and anticancer are needed to be validated through more research. Ethno-pharmacological and clinical trial research can be subjected for future studies.
Highlights
Silene conoidea belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae, comprising of about 86 genera and 2,100 species throughout the world [1, 2] commonly distributed in temperate and alpine regions [3, 4, 5]
We presented a review of systematic, biological activity, phytochemistry, cytogenetic and nutritional properties of this plant with special emphasis on its extensive uses in several traditional medicine systems
Silene conoidea is used in traditional medicine in different geographic areas of the world
Summary
Silene conoidea belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae (pink family), comprising of about 86 genera and 2,100 species throughout the world [1, 2] commonly distributed in temperate and alpine regions [3, 4, 5]. The genus Silene is the largest one, with about 700 species, which are mostly thriving in temperate and Mediterranean regions. All the species of this genus contains secondary metabolites, such as steroids, flavonoids and saponins [1-3]. The sprouts of S. conoidea are nutritive, containing carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins and it grows in wild form as well as green vegetable in many regions [5-7]. This plant is of high medicinal value as its different parts are used as herbal medicine to treat different ailments. The whole plant is used to moisten the lungs, relieving cough, cooling the blood and stopping bleeding wounds [8]
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