Abstract
Sihler’s stain visualization of myelinated cardiac plexus fiber attenuation in the AV node and the mitral valve as a result of heart failure
Highlights
Heart failure represents a serious challenge to current medical care, currently affecting 5 million people in the United States [1], characterized by a reduced myocardial capacity to pump blood [2]
Heart failure and arrhythmias are tied to autonomic dysfunction; it is well understood that sympathetic hyper-innervation is a causative factor of heart failure [7,8]
A full description of the nerve staining found in the transverse sections and whole hearts is presented in Table 1, with Heart A being the transverse sections, Heart B the healthy whole heart, and Heart C the whole heart with heart failure
Summary
Heart failure represents a serious challenge to current medical care, currently affecting 5 million people in the United States [1], characterized by a reduced myocardial capacity to pump blood [2]. It is the single most common reason patients over 65 are admitted to the hospital [3], with involvement in one out of every nine deaths in 2009 [1], causing an estimated $32 billion each year [4]. Recent studies have begun to examine the specific role of the parasympathetic nervous system in heart failure but are still in earlier stages of understanding [10,11]
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