Signifikansi Maqâsid al-Sharî‘ah sebagai Kerangka Berpikir Epistemik Ijtihad

Abstract

This paper focuses on the importance of <em>maqâs</em><em>id al-sharî‘ah </em>for the effectiveness of ijtihad in Islamic law. The emergence of controversies at the beginning of the tenth century AD on the issue of the closing of the gate of ijtihâd has resulted in the rigidity of Islamic law and its methodological framework. Along with these issues, some contemporary scholars on <em>maqâs</em><em>id </em>agreed that <em>sharî‘ah </em>law (al-Qur’ân) consists of partial (<em>juz’îyât</em>) and universal values (<em>kullîyyât</em>) that should be understood through a holistic approach in the frameworks of <em>maqâs</em><em>id</em>. Shift in the meaning and orientation of <em>maqâs</em><em>id al-sharî‘ah </em>in some contemporary Muslim scholars’ views, involving social sciences, philosophy of law, principles of morality, universality, social justice, human dignity, human rights, is a concrete manifestation of how Islamic law is able to provide answers to the current problems faced by the Muslim and non-Muslims community. This awareness has made contemporary Muslim thinkers strive to bring Islamic law into various achievements of progress in many aspects of life by emphasizing the importance of <em>maqâs</em><em>id al-sharî‘ah.</em>